Effect of biofouling roughness on a marine propeller's performance including cavitation and underwater radiated noise (URN)

This study aims to investigate the effects of biofouling-related roughness on a propeller's hydrodynamic and underwater radiated noise (URN) performance. Selected benchmark INSEAN E779A propeller operated in uniform & open water flow under non-cavitating cavitating conditions. The field around was first solved using RANS (Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes) solver. Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model, based reduced Rayleigh-Plesset equation, used model sheet blades tip vortex (TVC) slipstream. A vorticity-based Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) technique employed for observation TVC. porous form Ffowcs-Williams Hawkings (P-FWH) which is coupled with solver, predict URN (or hydroacoustic performance) propeller. performance characteristics, including cavitation, were validated available experimental data. Following that, functions representing different configurations obtained from literature wall function Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) results showed that has detrimental impacts characteristics. That say thrust decreases while torque increases increasing severity roughness. Hence, efficiency loss at most severe condition can be as high 30% 25% J = 0.795 0.71 ?=1.763, respectively. Unlike its performance, had some positive by reducing volume, especially TVC hence (URN). also indicated levels might up 10 dB between 1 kHz 2 kHz. Besides, 2nd 3rd BPF values decrease 7 varying comparison smooth case. reported effect particular biofouling time model-scale CFD simulations.